What is hydrogen bonding give example?

Hydrogen bonding 

Hydrogen bonding is a type of attractive force that occurs between a hydrogen atom bonded to a strongly electronegative atom, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine, and another strongly electronegative atom nearby. This bond is stronger than typical van der Waals interactions and is responsible for the high boiling points of compounds such as water and hydrogen fluoride. It is also an important factor in determining the three-dimensional structure of proteins and nucleic acids.

OR

Hydrogen bonding is an attractive interaction between molecules that occurs when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one molecule is attracted to another molecule from a covalently bonded electronegative atom, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine, that is covalently bonded to another molecule. This interaction results in a bond that is stronger than a typical van der Waals interaction, and it is responsible for many of the unique properties of water and other molecules that exhibit hydrogen bonding. 

For example, hydrogen bonding is responsible for the high boiling point of water and its ability to dissolve a wide variety of substances. It is also important in the structure of many biological molecules, such as DNA and proteins.

OR

A hydrogen bond is a type of chemical bond that occurs when a hydrogen atom is attracted to a small, highly electronegative atom such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. This attractive force forms highly directional bonds that are generally much stronger than ordinary covalent bonds. Hydrogen bonds are common in molecules containing one of the strongly electronegative atoms listed above, such as water, where hydrogen and oxygen atoms are bonded together. The strength of hydrogen bonds is typically in the range of 5-10% of that of covalent bonds, depending on the specific molecules involved.

OR

Hydrogen bonding is a type of attractive interaction between atoms that occurs when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. These atoms have a high affinity for electrons, and as a result, they can strongly attract the hydrogen atom's lone electron, forming a bond between the atoms. This bond is typically weaker than a typical covalent bond, but it is still significant and can have a large impact on the structure and properties of molecules that exhibit hydrogen bonding. For example, hydrogen bonding is responsible for the high boiling point of water, as the hydrogen bonds between water molecules must be broken in order for the water to evaporate. It is also responsible for the unique properties of DNA, as the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs help to maintain the structure of the double helix.

Questions & Answers

Why is it called London forces?

London Force, also known as the dispersion force or van der Waals force, was first described in 1930 by the physicist Fritz London named after These forces are weak attractive forces that exist between neutral atoms or molecules. They are called London forces because Fritz London was the first to provide a theoretical explanation for these forces.

How do you identify a London force?

They can be identified by looking for evidence of weak attraction between neutral atoms or molecules. Some common signs of London forces include the existence of temporary dipoles in molecules, the condensation of gases into liquids at low temperatures, and the ability of some substances to form liquids or solids despite having low boiling points.

Is there London forces in diamond?

Yes, there are London forces in diamond. These forces are responsible for the bonding between the carbon atoms in diamond, giving the material its unique properties.

How are London forces formed?

London forces are formed when electrons in a molecule or atom are in motion. This movement creates a temporary dipole, which is a separation of positive and negative charge within the molecule or atom. When this temporary dipole interacts with another nearby molecule or atom, it can create an attractive force between the two, known as a London force.

Why are London forces weak?

London forces are considered weak compared to other types of intermolecular forces, such as ionic or covalent bonding. This is because they are only attractive forces, meaning that they only pull atoms or molecules together, but do not hold them together in the same way that other types of bonds do. Additionally, London forces are only temporary, as they are created by the movement of electrons and can disappear quickly if the electrons stop moving. These factors make London forces weaker than other types of intermolecular forces.

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